Writing to a test

testThe NAPLAN testing regime begins again this week, and as happens at this time every year, the media goes into overdrive with analyses of the pros and cons of standardised testing. Some of these reports are well-researched and intelligent critiques of the pitfalls of putting kids as young as seven under the pressure of exam conditions, of the narrowing of the curriculum as educators are coerced into ‘teaching to the test’, of tying funding to test results. And some reports are nothing more than politically motivated scaremongering designed to instil fear in the populace.  But I’m not going to engage in this debate.

I want to focus on just one aspect of standardised testing that I believe is incredibly destructive. Writing. Kids need to learn to write and teachers need to teach them how to do it. There is no argument there. An inspiring teacher is an invaluable resource for a child learning to write. But writing is so much more than developing the technical aspects of grammar and sentence structure.

A child learning to write is like a bird learning to fly. Small steps first. Then as they grow in confidence, they become bolder, knowing that there is support behind them. Safe, supportive environments encourage children to take risks with their writing. Sometimes the risks fail. But it’s not a big deal because with guidance and opportunity, those risks eventually pay-off. And the results are writers who blossom and thrive and develop a life-long love of writing, or at least reading.

But standardised testing is jeopardising this process. Children are becoming nervous. They don’t want to take risks because they don’t want to let their parents and teachers down. They comply with the formats thrust upon them by teachers who are pressured by education bureaucracies and government policy. They write recounts and reports and expositions and maybe a bit of narrative. They remember to use capital letters and full stops and try hard to use nouns and verbs in the right places. And they feel bad about themselves if they don’t score well.

A generation ago, children learned how to write using the ‘whole language approach’. We know now that that approach was not particularly successful. Hindsight taught us that explicit teaching of the technical aspects of writing is necessary. But the pendulum has swung too far and now we are inhibiting the development of creativity in our children by being way too prescriptive in our approach to literacy development. Once again, we’ve missed the mark to the detriment of our kids. And writing in general.

Teachers are well placed to assess student writing. They always have been. And in a classroom environment where the teacher has access to student writing in formal and informal contexts, both on paper and in electronic formats, any teacher worth their salt will recognise the need to instil passion and a desire in children to write. If kids understand the value of writing, if they want to write, they are far more receptive to learning the technical aspects that enable them to strengthen their writing. But if kids are scared of making a mistake, or of disappointing, this too will show up in their attitudes to reading and writing.

Writing is power. But it’s also a joyful, colourful, enriching way to engage with and participate in the world around us. How long before governments get it right?

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The reader, the writer, and technology – where to next?

the book is deadI’m a little late with my last post because I’ve been lost in my PhD for the past few weeks. I’m researching how young adults source and engage with narrative. It’s because I write for the young adult (YA) demographic that I am very interested in the who, what, when, where and why of YA reading.

I’ve written in this blog before about the changing nature of reading, but getting stuck into the research that backs the anecdotal evidence I gather as a convener of YA writers’ groups is both validating and terrifying.

It’s validating because it reassures me that I am lucky enough to have my finger on the pulse of YA reading attitudes and habits. But it’s terrifying because of the implications for writers of YA fiction. At this point in history, we are experiencing a convergence of the flow of media between traditional and multimodal platforms. And it’s this that is challenging the notion and definition of what it is to read.

Traditionally, narrative content was developed and presented as text on a page to be read in a linear fashion from left-to-right and cover-to-cover. Reading this way required concentration, concentration enough to allow the reader to get carried away by characters and the lost in the plot. Reading had the potential to transport the reader to another time, another place, another reality, and drop them there for days. But the way in which young people read is changing. Instead of sitting somewhere quiet, oblivious to the operations of the mundane and succumbing to the fictional world between the covers of a book – they are skimming the surface of multiple platforms simultaneously without losing themselves completely, in any.

Story is no longer about deciphering and interpreting marks on a page. It’s become more about a multitude of visual and auditory stimuli concurrently bombarding the senses.  Without fully immersing themselves in any single mode of literacy consumption, young people are browsing multiple platforms in an attempt to maximise their absorption of content.

You’d typically find them sitting on the lounge with their iPad on their lap. They’ll be watching TV, playing Minecraft, scrolling through Facebook feeds, chatting with friends via IM. They could be using an App to game, or edit pics, or interact with random TV viewers. They might be tweeting, googling, pinning. Maybe they’re surfing blogs, downloading software or apps or music. But they’re doing several or all of these things AT THE SAME TIME.

So where does actual reading factor into it? If you accept the various Education, Sociology and Anthropology research reports, you’ll note that the nature of general literacy, and YA engagement with it, is changing. Once upon a time, a literate person was one who could recognise text-based symbols on a page and gain some meaning from them. Nowadays, a literate person must not only recognise the various sensory stimuli created by sounds, images – both still and moving, but they must also have a semiotic understanding of the platforms that both create and disseminate these.

Nowadays, a literate person is one who understands the nature of feeds, walls, search engines, youtube, limited character communication, and not only engages with this multimodal means of consuming content, but is also able to create content to contribute to it. Maintaining effective social connections depends on this. So too, does the ability to sift through the proliferation of independently created content, including eBooks,   and make judgement s about what is reliable information and quality content, and what is not.

And writers must be able to rise above the rabble to remain relevant in this technological battleground. But how? How do we, as professionals, maintain the status quo as authors, as constructors of quality fiction? All the evidence suggests that we are headed toward a paperless society. We’ve already seen the explosion of eReaders and eBooks flood the market. Bookshops are collapsing all over the place, publishers are shrinking and morphing into electronic shadows of their former selves in an often vain attempt at relevance in a marketplace that no longer requires a gatekeeper to fiction, and readers are turning to links instead of chapters.

Does this mean writers must become developers to create fiction that YAs want to read/watch/interact with/consume?

I suspect that strong narrative writing will remain where it’s always been, a place where readers seek respite from their chaotic existences, for the experience of losing oneself in another reality. It may just be that the ‘other reality’ for the writer, will turn out to be in cyberspace.

Writing Well

writingisitsownrewardSome might say the value of teaching kids to write well is a redundant concept. As in — of course, kids need to write well, how else will they succeed at school? But when I talk about the importance of teaching to kids to write, I’m talking about so much more than academic achievement.

I’m not suggesting academic achievement is unimportant, it is important. It is a well-known fact that the better a student is able to write, the better they will do at school or university. After all, a great deal of assessment is dependent upon written tasks. This may or may not be the best way to determine effective teaching—I make no judgement about that, but the reality is that writing remains the primary means for students to communicate knowledge and understanding. And they are continually judged on it, beginning with the Naplan tests (current standardised tests for all school students in NSW) in Year 3, and again Years 5, 7 and 9, before they even get to the senior years of schooling. All kids, regardless of age, stage of development, or school are subject to this regime of testing.

But much more important than academic achievement, is developing the capacity to fully engage with all levels of society through effective communication. Writing a fabulous essay might get great marks and a place at university, but writing a heartfelt  letter of thanks, or a deadly letter of complaint; or conveying emotion using the written word where it’s not possible to do so in speech, can mean the difference between being able to connect with people, or not. It can be the difference between social ostracism and social engagement.

We live in a changing world. Multi-modal communication is a fact of 21st Century life. And in the context of the developed world, that means no one need be socially isolated— irrespective of local or global geography. It means the condition of physical or mental health, or socio-economics, is less of a determining factor to engagement and acceptance, than it once may have been. So long as one can write well.

Online communication is more and more becoming the first point of engagement in everything from making friends, to buying a book, to applying for a job, with a myriad of things in between. People are full of judgement, it’s the human condition— and where once they might have made those judgements about the way a person looks, or the way they dress when they arrive for a job interview, nowadays they have already perused the online presence and made those judgements based on written communications. And not just the formal communication. They’ll have read social media sites and developed a sense of the person through the words they’ve used to represent themselves and communicate with their friends. Double-edged sword? Absolutely!

But if people—especially young people, learn to write well and embrace the power of effective communication, they can benefit from a head start to social and economic engagement in ways that were never available to the generations before them. And without having to fit in a box.

Book Launch Success

Cupcakes and book trailers

cupcakeOne might read the title of this post and wonder how cupcakes and book trailers could be connected. After a successful launch for young adult novel Fake Profile, it seems that the star of the show was not the book—though we sold about 50 copies on the night— nor the trailer for the book, though people enjoyed that too. No, the most commented on aspect of the book launch party, was the cupcake phenomenon.

Why? Because it was through the cupcakes that people got to view the trailer. The cupcakes were iced with a special rice paper icing sheet that had a QR code printed onto it using black food colouring. People then were able to scan the QR code with  an app downloaded free from the app store and watch the trailer on their Smartphones or tablet computers.

I’d considered organising a data projector to show the trailer, but I didn’t have one and it seemed like quite a bit of fuss to play a 50-second clip. The cupcake scanning was a fabulous novelty for the mostly adult audience. And though the technology barely raised an eyebrow among the teenage participants, even they were happy to watch the trailer before scoffing the cupcake.

The fact that people wanted to watch the trailer was very good news. These days a book trailer is fairly standard when organising publicity for a novel. It’s a necessary means of promoting the work through social media outlets. And short is good, especially in the young adult market where attention spans have adapted to the immediacy of online info via YouTube and other forms of social media.

Check it out! Scan the photo with your iPhone or iPad (or Smartphone or Android tablet). You’ll need a QR scanner, which you can download free from the App store. Hold the scanner steady over the cupcake and when it loads, watch the trailer!

If you’d like to watch the trailer on your computer screen without scanning the QR code, you can see it here. Let me know what you think.

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The time is now!

writerIt’s here, finally! The books are in boxes by the door, passages for the reading are marked out ready, the MC has been briefed, the food is being prepared as I write this post and the book cover has been blown up to poster size. Everything is ready to go. Except me. I’m not so sure I want to do it anymore. After years of working toward this goal, I am terrified.

There is a reason I am very happy being a writer. I love the solitude. I really enjoy sitting at my computer for days at a time with only the characters in my head for company. I thrive on alone time—and on writing. And the technological revolution has made it very easy to function perfectly well via social media without the need to interact face-to-face. Mostly.

So why is a book launch necessary?

I’m told it’s an opportunity to speak directly to the market for the novel. But that more importantly, it’s an opportunity to mark the beginning of a writer’s journey to building a readership. After all, what is the point of spending years writing a book that no one reads? It’s an interesting conundrum for many writers. I’ve written before about the point at which a book becomes a book.

But when a writer just wants to write, a book launch feels like a bit of an indulgence. Why can’t we just let social media do the job it does best, and get the word out there?  Many writers have reclusive tendencies, which is why they’re able to spend long periods in solitude. They’d rather not have to do the public speaking or self-promotion that goes along with conducting a book launch.

Whilst much of writers’ lives may happen inside or online, stepping outside the comfort zone to face real people leaves a writer incredibly vulnerable. Conducting writers’ groups for teenagers is nothing compared to facing a group of potential readers at a book launch.

Maybe it’s just me, but it doesn’t feel right to be spruiking my own work. Even though I know that this is part of being a writer, and it is a vital part, still I’d rather not have to. But I believe in my work. And the reality is that if I don’t spread the word about it, if it doesn’t get out into the public domain, then I’m not going to be able to continue being a writer.

And the time is right now. Here I am. I am a writer and this is my work. I hope you enjoy it.

Writing is my lifeblood

IMG_3581After four years, three versions, two editions, one name change, multiple rewrites and much stress, my novel Fake Profile is about to launch. I am relieved and excited and just a wee bit scared. Terrified actually! Writing this novel has taken me on a roller coaster of a journey unlike anything I have experienced in my professional life.

I’ve felt the highs and lows with equal intensity. From the exhilaration of winning an Australian Society of Authors Mentorship Award for the raw manuscript in 2010, to the crushing disappointment of having a publishing contract offer withdrawn because I unwittingly uploaded an e-version and elected to retain the Digital Management Rights for the manuscript.

I’ve felt the warmth and enthusiasm of a supportive writing community and the harsh cold reality of a publishing industry fighting for its life in a changing world. A few times I stuffed the manuscript deep inside a folder hidden on my computer, vowing to throw in the towel , only to drag it back out and rewrite the whole thing again.

And through the whole process, I learnt much about myself—the most important of which is: I am a writer. I can’t ignore the fact. It doesn’t matter how disillusioned I become, or how harsh the critics are, I can’t not write. It’s as necessary to me as breathing. It’s difficult to explain how much a part of my being is dependent upon my writing. If I don’t write for any length of time, I feel the life force begin to drain. I become weaker and sadder and this influences every other aspect of my life. My teaching suffers, my friendships suffer, my connection to myself suffers, the way I view the world is affected.

I love being a writer. I thrive on the solitude it requires. I love the writing community. They get it. When I talk about the voices in my head, they know exactly what it means. My writing colleagues can follow my chaotic thought processes from manuscript to manuscript and character to character without blinking an eye.

I had barely finished Fake Profile before starting the next novel, Say Nothing. And the first draft of Say Nothing was complete before I began the long, slow and laborious road to publication for Fake Profile (and that itself, is a post for another day). Now I’m almost finished the first draft of my third, and while that is happening the first of a trilogy is incubating.

It’s been a very long time coming. I’ve been writing since I was very young, but it’s only been the last ten years or so (I have earlier manuscripts sitting in drawers that have never seen the light of day), that I began to take my writing seriously enough to recognise it is my lifeblood. I have no choice. I have to write. It is as simple as that.

Gutsy teen writers

storyThere is nothing more powerful or moving than teenagers writing about things that matter to them. Real issues. Things like bullying, self-harm, peer pressure, sex, suicide and friendship. As adults, we can postulate about what these issues mean for young people and what we think should be done about them. We can incorporate them into our narrative plots, or write manuals and guides to address them. We can even write policy and legislation and ‘best practice’ benchmarks to deal with them. And we do.

But sitting back and listening as a teenage writer reads her story about bullying and self-harm and her teenage peers critique it, has to be one of the most powerful experiences I’ve been privileged to have as convener of young adult writers’ groups.

This particular writers group consists of twelve fourteen-year-old girls, and following on from our work last term on ‘writing what you know,’ this term we’ve been working on developing critiquing skills. Each of the participants wrote a narrative, with free choice over genre and plot, and then they each read their draft to the group for critiquing.

Anyone who has ever been a participant in a writers’ group understands the emotional impact of putting your work out there to be critiqued. It’s harrowing. Writing is a very subjective thing and as writers, we embed a little of ourselves into each piece we write, whether we realise it or not. We become close to and protective of our characters, our efforts, our work, and the more of ourselves we put into our writing, the more personal it becomes.

I’ve been in a writers’ group where a published adult writer lost the plot over what was quite constructive criticism. She could not cope with any criticism at all and fiercely defended her work by making personal attacks on the person who gave the critique. I’ve also seen an author direct a scathing online personal attack against a reviewer because she did not like his review of her book.

But back to my teen writers’ group. Though we’d talked a lot about the purpose and process of critiquing, I must admit I was nervous about how they might cope giving and receiving criticism at their age and stage of social and emotional development. But, as so often has happened as convener of these writers’ groups, I was blown away by their engagement with the process. Their insight was amazing, and the sensitivity with which they delivered their critiques was inspiring.

 These kids adopted the principles of critiquing in such a mature and perceptive manner that they put some of the aforementioned adult writers to shame. They responded intuitively to their peers when they thought the writer may be sharing personal details, they were sensitive and supportive and encouraging of each other.

These kids are going to be amazing writers. I am in awe of them. And incredibly proud of them.

Plot Pilfering

Wanting to join a writers’ group I used to be involved with, a nervous newcomer asked: “What if someone steals my idea?” At the time I thought it an arrogant question and on behalf of the group, was offended by the inference. But shortly after, someone posed the same question to a panel discussing the value of writers’ groups at a writers’ festival I attended. And it came up again in discussion recently. It seems to be a concern that is probably more common than one might think.

It’s worth noting that each of the persons preoccupied with the issue of plot theft, was an emerging writer, fairly early in their writing journey. I guess we all think (or at least, hope) that we are going to write the bestseller that will set us up for the rest of our writerly lives. And I suppose it’s only natural to feel protective of our plot ideas.

But really, when we think rationally rather than emotionally about the nature of writing we realise that, as with reading, writing is a very subjective process. So let’s deconstruct this concept a little. We all have different likes and dislikes, opinions and views, and a wealth of experience that is completely our own. No one else can think and feel exactly like us. We are all individuals. And we all make autonomous emotional and intellectual interpretations of that which we observe, whether it be music, art, dance, literature, etc. We have no choice about this. It’s the human condition.

Two people from the same family, same gender, same sociocultural and educational backgrounds, with the same preferences and views about almost everything, can read the same book and give two completely different responses to the story. Because they are different people who bring their own unique complexities to that which they experience. We think and feel differently. Each of us. If those same two people were to write their life stories, they would write two completely different biographies. See where I’m going here? 

Writers are individuals. It makes no difference whatsoever what we write about, our stories are our stories. And crucially, they are written with our own unique and distinct writing style. Writing ‘style’ is not something that can be taught or replicated (at least not successfully). As writers, we may study and excel at all the technical aspects of writing, such as grammar, structure, voice, point-of-view, tense, etc, but it’s the way in which each individual uses language to communicate these skills—our expression—that creates an individualistic writing style.

There are a few very public examples of writers who pursue litigious action against other writers for stealing their ideas. Author of the very successful DaVinci Code, Dan Brown, was sued over copyright infringement by the authors of a non-fiction book The Holy Blood And The Holy Grail. Apparently the researchers of this book wrote that Jesus and Mary Magdalene married and had a child and that this knowledge was concealed by the Catholic Church. Basically, they accused Dan Brown of using their research to write his book. They lost.

Another case was that of JK Rowling being sued by the author of Willy the Wizard Adrian Jacobs, or at least by his estate given that he died sometime in the 90s. Jacobs wrote of a boy wizard who went to a wizarding school, rode on wizard trains where wizard chess was played; and there was a wizard prison and a special wizard hospital. There was even a portal used to move between worlds, wizard and mortal. And in Goblet of Fire, which was the major point of contention, a wizard challenge that required the use of a bathroom. You could almost say that these two books had the same plot, and given that Willy the Wizard was written some 20 years before Harry Potter, that maybe Jacobs had a point. Except for the writing. The book about Willy the Wizard was 16 pages long and Goblet of Fire was 636 pages long. And one need only to look at the expression and writing style of both books (as well as the other six books in the Harry Potter series) to make assertions about the validity of the claim. It was also dismissed.  

The point of the matter is that a plot idea is just a plot idea. And ideas, theories, information or facts, can’t be claimed or owned. It’s the interpretation of the ideas, theories, information, facts or concepts, and the expression and writing style used to communicate them that matters. So those of you who may be worried about others ‘stealing your ideas’, don’t be. If you are a good writer, you will develop your own unique writing style, which no one else can replicate. And when you write your story, it will be your story.

Teaching writing: privilege or pain?

Like most writers, I have to work to support my writing. Unlike a lot of writers, I get to do something really awesome. I get to teach. Teaching is a wonderful privilege. And while the responsibility of growing and shaping young minds can sometimes be a little daunting, witnessing that light bulb moment when a student grasps a concept or learns a new skill, is a powerful motivator to become even more effective.  And teaching creative writing is no exception.

Prior to my life as a writer, I taught high school computer studies for years before leaving teaching. I spent about five years doing other things before I started taking my writing seriously enough to write full-time.  These days I teach creative writing to high school students and computer literacy to primary school students to support myself while I write.

I value teaching immensely. Not because it keeps me in contact with the demographic for whom I write, and not because it provides me with plenty of plot and character ideas for my novels, though both of these are absolutely true and have immense value and advantage for an author. I value the experience of teaching because despite the fact that I am the teacher, I have learnt so much from my students. Teaching these kids is making me a better writer.

There’s the seven-year-old who hasn’t yet mastered the art of forming letters or writing words with a pencil but who can write paragraphs of a story she has imagined using a computer keyboard; the fifteen-year-old boy who communicates only through grunting supplemented by various other bodily sounds, but who writes beautiful prose about the world as he sees it. The fourteen-year-old girl who always has a smile on her face but who shared her inner turmoil by writing a heart-breaking suicide letter that required immediate intervention, and the twelve-year-old with extreme anxiety issues who cannot speak but writes science-fiction narratives that wouldn’t be out of place in a sci-fi anthology.

Writing gives kids a release—sometimes their only release. It gives them an opportunity to make a connection, not just with the world around them, but with themselves. And in doing so they learn how to utilise an age-old instrument of power—the pen, or keyboard, as it was. No matter that the process of writing is different these days, the power it conveys is the same.

Not so long ago, a sixteen-year-old boy in one of my writers’ groups wrote a story about a kid who had been taught to use drugs at age six. SIX. The narrative told the story of a child living on the streets and being taken under the wing of group of teenagers. It had an intimate knowledge of scoring, and self-administering drugs. But more disturbingly, it told of the trade-off the young boy had to make for the care of the older boys. He wrote that learning to take drugs was the best thing that could have happened to this little boy. The young author had based his story in a city of Australia. I asked him about it. He shrugged and said nothing. I talked generally to the group about authenticity and believability, about real places and events being consistent with those places. In my mind, I was wondering how realistic this kind of story would be in this place (Australia) at this time (2000s). At the end of my time with that group, as I was finishing up at that school, the author told me that the little boy in the story he wrote was him. It was a true story. His story.

I was gobsmacked. This kid had fallen through the cracks in a system designed to protect children, and had survived on the streets by himself for five years. He’d been living in a comparatively stable environment since he was eleven, but (understandably) not without problems both at home and at school. But this boy was alive. He was not in gaol, he was not drug-addicted, and he was not violent. He was a quiet, introspective, albeit sullen boy, who managed to get himself to school every day, maintain friendships and even work at a part-time job. And he wrote. And I am a better person for having read his story.

They say that truth is stranger than fiction, and there are some stories, true or not, that would not sell because readers could not or would not relate to them. It’s probably true. I used to consider this when I began plotting. I don’t anymore. I don’t care. If these kids can overcome the loss of family, being abused, abandoned, neglected, rejected, and survive to tell their stories, I will read them. And value them. And when I feel inclined to complain about writers’ block or having to work to support my writing, I’ll thank my lucky stars that I have the wonderful opportunity to teach writing to kids who could really use the opportunity to share their stories.

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